FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard network protocol used to transfer files between a local computer and a remote server over the internet. It is commonly used to upload website files, download backups, and manage server data.
In simple terms, FTP allows you to connect to a web server and manage files just like you do on your computer.
How Does FTP Work?
FTP works using a client–server model:
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You use an FTP client (software)
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The client connects to an FTP server (your web hosting server)
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After authentication, you can:
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Upload files
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Download files
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Edit, rename, or delete files
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FTP typically uses:
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Port 21 for standard connections
Common Uses of FTP
FTP is widely used for:
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Uploading website files (HTML, CSS, images, scripts)
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Downloading website backups
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Managing WordPress or application files
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Transferring large files efficiently
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Updating website content without a browser
Types of FTP
1️⃣ FTP (Standard FTP)
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Transfers data in plain text
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Not secure
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Not recommended for sensitive data
2️⃣ FTPS (FTP Secure)
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FTP with SSL/TLS encryption
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Encrypts login credentials and data
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Safer than standard FTP
3️⃣ SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol)
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Uses SSH (Secure Shell)
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Fully encrypted
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Most secure and recommended option
???? Note: SFTP is different from FTPS, even though the names sound similar.
What Do You Need to Use FTP?
To connect via FTP, you need:
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FTP Hostname (example:
ftp.yourdomain.com) -
Username
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Password
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Port number (21 for FTP, 22 for SFTP)
These details are provided by your web hosting provider.
Popular FTP Clients
Some commonly used FTP clients are:
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FileZilla
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WinSCP
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Cyberduck
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Core FTP
These tools provide an easy graphical interface to manage server files.
FTP vs File Manager (cPanel)
| Feature | FTP | cPanel File Manager |
|---|---|---|
| Large file transfers | ✅ Yes | ❌ Limited |
| Automation | ✅ Yes | ❌ No |
| Browser required | ❌ No | ✅ Yes |
| Security (SFTP) | ✅ High | ❌ Lower |
FTP is better for regular file management and large uploads.
Is FTP Safe?
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❌ Standard FTP is not secure
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✅ FTPS is secure
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✅ SFTP is highly secure
???? Recommendation: Always use SFTP whenever possible.
Conclusion
FTP is an essential tool for managing website files and server data. While standard FTP is still used, secure alternatives like SFTP and FTPS are strongly recommended to protect your data.
